SR4-5555952948
针对货舱货网/地锚失效后的保留,有两个条款:MEL25-05A和MEL25-05B。两个条款的差异在于05A不禁用货舱,而05B禁用货舱。
其中05A条款中备注提到:遵守经批准的货物装载手册或载重平衡手册中的可接受的货物装载限制标准。货物固定系统/装置丢失或者损坏时,如仍需装货,参考载重平衡手册以确定货物装载限制。如果丢失或者损坏的货物固定部件数量超出载重平衡手册允许的范围,相关货舱不能使用。
在实际运行中,由于运控和配载目前尚无统一的意见,导致一线按05A放行时,有可能出现:有时候是部分货舱区域限制装货,而有时候却是完全禁用货舱,进而减载旅客,对运行造成一定的压力。由于WBM里也并未明确的给出单个地锚或单张货网失效后的载重限制计算方法,为优化当前保留办理的条款使用,发SR4-5555952948询问了波音,具体答复如下:
MMEL item 25-05A, Cargo Compartment Restraint Components, Cargo Compartment Used, can be applied for dispatch relief when inoperative or missing restraint components are discovered in the cargo compartments, including cargo net clips, cargo tie-down fitting, that are used to restrain or prevent movement or shifting of cargo during flight.
Missing or broken restraint components in the cargo compartment do not reduce the total allowable cargo weight for the compartment. However, they may reduce the allowable size and weight of large, dense, or sharp objects that require tie-down restraint to prevent shifting in the compartment. The table on page 1-68-001 of the Weight and Balance Control and Loading Manual provides the capability of each tie-down fitting. The load applied to each fitting must not exceed the capability of the fitting in each direction. If a tie-down fitting is broken, then the capability for that fitting is zero.
Please keep in mind, cargo restraint components are not required to be installed but are recommended primarily to prevent shifting of cargo into the doorway for cargo door clearance for all 737 model airplanes. Boeing investigated various load shift scenarios to determine their effect on airplane stability in all phases of flight. The results of these calculations showed that, even in the most extreme cases of load shift, the airplane remains stable.
简单的说,波音认为地锚/货网的损伤,并不会限制货舱的总允许货物重量。但是要考虑到,大型货物或锐边密集的货物[1]若不能被束缚,在飞行中随姿态改变而发生移动时,有可能对货舱造成损伤或大型货物有可能压到货舱门。所以会对货物的尺寸、数量有一点限制。因此,从这个角度理解:对于737机型来说,货网、地锚,都不是必需的。它们的目的只是为了防止货物移动。同时波音也做过调查,即便在极端情况下,这也并不影响737重心的稳定性。
综上,货网/地锚失效按MEL25-05A放行,在货舱所有的区域都可以装货,没有减载限制。但出于防止货物压到舱门导致无法打开货舱门的考虑,需要现场跟配载人员沟通,尽量将大件往里放,小的散件靠外放,可避免大件物品压舱门的情况。另外,易碎物品在这种情况下,是无法托运了。
[1]锐边密集的货物定义如下:
Weighs 100 LB (45 KG) or more with the smallest end having height and width dimensions both less than 6 IN.
Slender tubing or rods with a density equal to or greater than 20 LB (9 KG)/CU FT
Weighs 500 LB (226 KG) or more
Weighs 300 LB (136 KG) or more with a density equal to or greater than 20 LB (9 KG)/CU FT
Weighs 100 LB (45 KG) or more and due to package shape (cylindrical, spherical, etc.) is likely to topple or roll during airplane operation